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A scale is a selection of certain notes within an octave. The first scale that we will discuss is the major scale.
(在一个八度内选择不同的音高可以构成调性,我们先来学习一下大调)
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The major scale is constructed with this formula. W's represent whole steps and h's represent half steps.
(大调是用这样的公式构成的,W表示相邻音符间的距离是一个全音,h表示相邻音符间的距离是一个半音)
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Let's build a C Major Scale. Our starting note will be C.
(我们来建立一个C大调,从C开始)
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From the C, we will take a whole step to D.
(C向上走一个全音是D)
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From the D, we will take another whole step to E.
(从D再向上走一个全音是E)
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Next, we will go up a half step to F.
(再向上走一个半音是F)
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From F, the whole step will take us to G.
(F向上走一个全音是G)
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Next is another whole step to A.
(接下来一个全音是A)
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The last whole step takes us to B.
(A向上走一个全音是B)
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Finally, the half step returns us to C.
(最后B向上走一个半音得到C)
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C major is: C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C.
(所以,C大调的音阶是C、D、E、F、G、A、B、C)
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Next, we will build the E-flat Major Scale. Our starting note will be E-flat.
(接下来我们建立一个降E的大调音阶,从降E开始)
The first whole step takes us to F.
(向上走一个全音是F)
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The second whole step takes us to G.
(第二个全音是G)
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Notice that the half step from G takes us to A-flat, not A.
(注意从G向上走一个半音是降A,而不是A)
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The whole step from A-flat takes us to B-flat.
(从降A向上走一个全音得到降B)
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The next whole step takes us to C.
(再向上走一个全音得到C)
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The next whole step takes us to D.
(再向上走一个全音得到D)
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Finally, the half step from D returns us to E-flat.
(最后,向上走一个半音得到降E)
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E-flat major is: E-flat, F, G, A-flat, B-flat, C, D, E-flat.
(所以,降E的大调音阶是:降E、F、G、降A、降B、C、D、降E)
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Notice that E-flat Major has three flats (Both E-flat's only count once).
(注意降E的大调有三个降音(重复的降E不计入))
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For our final scale, we will build the D Major Scale.
(最后一个调性,D大调)
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The first whole step takes us to E.
(从D开始第一个全音是E)
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From the E, the second whole step takes us to F-sharp.
(从E开始向上走一个全音是升F)
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The half step takes us to G.
(再向上走一个半音是G)
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The whole step takes us to A.
(向上走一个全音是A)
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From A, the whole step takes us to B.
(从A向上走一个全音是B)
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From the B, the whole step takes us to C-sharp.
(从B向上走一个全音是升C)
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Finally, the half step returns us to D.
(最后回到D)
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D major is: D, E, F-sharp, G, A, B, C-sharp, D.
(所以D大调的音阶是:D、E、升F、G、A、B、升C、D)
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Notice that D Major has two sharps.
(注意D大调有两个升音)
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It is possible to build any major scale - just start on the first note and follow the formula.
(只要从某一个音出发,根据公式就可以建立大调)