Analyzing the notes and chords of a song is a major part of music theory.
（分析一首歌曲中的和弦和音符是音乐理论中的重要一环）
In this analysis, we will be looking at the first four measures of O Canada!, the national anthem of Canada.
（这里，我们来分析一下加拿大国歌《噢！加拿大》的前四个小节）
The first step in analysis is to determine the key. Since the key signature contains three flats, we have two possibilities: E-flat major or C minor.
（分析的第一步是定调。调号是三个降号，所以就有两个可能，降E大调或是C小调）
The first chord contains an E-flat, B-flat, E-flat, and G - an E-flat major triad. Since this is I in E-flat Major, we are most likely in that key.
（第一个和弦有降E、降B、降E和G，是降E的大三和弦。因为I（第一级）是降E的大三和弦，那么基本上可以肯定是这个调了）
The second chord contains a D, B-flat, F, and B-flat - a B-flat major triad. This is V in E-flat Major. Since the third is the lowest note, the triad is in first inversion.
（第二个和弦包含D、降B、F和降B，是降B的大三和弦。这是降E的大三和弦的V（第五级）。因为三音在最低音位置，所以这是三和弦的第一转位）
Since the third chord is the same as the previous one, we do not have to repeat the analysis symbol.
（第三个和弦和第二个和弦一样，就不用重复符号了）
The first chord of the second measure contains a C, G, C, and E-flat - a C minor triad. Thus, it is vi.
（第二小节的第一个和弦包括C、G、C、降E，它是C的小三和弦。这是vi（第六级）
The second chord contains a B-flat, B-flat, D, and F - another B-flat major triad. This time, it is in root position.
（第二个和弦包括降B、降B、D和F，又是一个降B的大三和弦。这次它在它的基本音位）
The first chord of the third measure contains an E-flat, B-flat, E-flat, and G - an E-flat major triad. Thus, it is another I chord.
（第三小节的第一个和弦包络降E、降B、降E和G，它是降E的大三和弦。所以它是I（第一级）和弦）
The second chord contains a C, A-flat, E-flat, and A-flat - an A-flat major triad in first inversion.
（第二个和弦包括C、降A、降E、A，是降A的大三和弦的第一转位）
The third chord contains a G, G, E-flat, and B-flat - an E-flat major triad in first inversion.
（第三个和弦包括G、G、降E、降B，它是降E的大三和弦的第一转位）
The fourth chord contains an A-flat, C, E-flat, and C - another A-flat major triad. Notice that it is now in root position.
（第四个和弦包括降A、C、降E、C，它是降A的大三和弦的基本音位）
The final measure contains a B-flat, B-flat, D, and F - a B-flat major triad. Thus, we end with a V.
（最后一个小节包括降B、降、B、D、F，它是降B的大三和弦。最后以V（第五级）结尾）
Listen to these measures of O Canada!.
（听一下《噢！加拿大》中的这几个小节） | 