A chord is a combination of three or more notes.
（和絃是三個或更多音的組合）
Chords are built off of a single note, called the root.
（和絃是從一個音建立起來的，這個音叫作根音）
In this lesson, we will discuss triads. They are created with a root, third, and fifth.
（本課中，我們來學習三和弦。三和弦由根音、三音、五音構成）
A major triad (or major chord) is built with a major third and a perfect fifth from the root.
（大三和弦是由從根音開始的大三度加上從根音開始的純五度構成的）
Let's write a C major triad. First, write the root (C) on the staff.
（我們來寫一個C的大三和弦。首先在五線譜上寫上根音：C）
Next, write the generic third and generic fifth from the root.
（然後寫它之上的三度和五度）
We now need to determine the specific intervals on the keyboard.
（我們現在在鋼琴鍵盤上定義它們的具體音程）
Since we need a major third, let's count up four half steps from the root.
（我們需要一個大三度，從根音開始向上數四個半音）
For the perfect fifth, go back to the root and count up seven half steps.
（接下來我們需要一個純五度，那麼再從根音向上數七個半音）
Since the chord contains no black keys, we do not need to write any accidentals on the staff.
（這個和絃不包含任何黑鍵，我們不需要在五線譜上寫變音記號）
A C major triad is C—E—G.
（C的大三和弦的組成是C-E-G） | 
Next, let's try an E-flat major triad.
（接下來我們試一下降E的大三和弦）
Write the generic third and fifth on the staff.
（先在五線譜上各寫一個距離根音三度和五度的音）
Now, switch to the keyboard. Start at the E-flat and count up four half steps for the major third.
（現在來看鋼琴鍵盤。從降E開始然後向上數四個半音得到大三度）
Go back to the root and count up seven half steps for the perfect fifth.
（再從根音開始向上數七個半音得到純五度）
Finally, write any needed accidentals. In addition to the already-written E-flat, we need a flat next to the B.
（最後在五線譜上寫上需要的變音記號，除了降E以外還需要降B）
An E-flat major triad is E-flat—G—B-flat.
（降E的大三和弦是降E-G-降B） |
Next, let's try a B major triad.
（接下來我們寫B的大三和弦）
Write the generic third and fifth on the staff.
（先在樂譜上寫從根音開始的三度和五度）
Count the major third (4 half steps) and perfect fifth (7 half steps).
（再在鍵盤上從降E開始然後向上數四個半音得到大三度，七個半音得到純五度）
Finally, write the needed accidentals on the staff. We need two sharps: one for the D and one for the F.
（最後在五線譜上寫上需要的變音記號，我們需要兩個升號：升D和升F）
A B major triad is B—D-sharp—F-sharp.
（B的大三和弦是B-升D-升F） |
Next, we will discuss the minor triad. It is created with a minor third and a perfect fifth from the root.
（接下來我們來看小三和弦，它是以小三度和純五度構成的）
Let's build a C minor triad.
（我們來寫一個小三和弦）
Write the generic third and fifth on the staff.
（先在五線譜上各寫一個距離根音三度和五度的音）
Now, switch to the keyboard. Start at the C and count up three half steps for the minor third.
（現在看鋼琴鍵盤。從C開始然後向上數三個半音得到小三度）
Go back to the root and count up seven half steps for the perfect fifth.
（再從根音開始向上數七個半音得到純五度）
Finally, write any needed accidentals.
（最後在五線譜上寫上需要的變音記號）
A C minor triad is C—E-flat—G.
（C的小三和弦是C-降E-G） |
Let's build an E-flat minor triad.
（我們來寫一個降E的小三和弦）
Write the generic third and fifth on the staff.
（先在五線譜上各寫一個距離根音三度和五度的音）
Next, count the minor third (3 half steps) and perfect fifth (half steps).
（再在鋼琴鍵盤上，從降E開始然後向上數三個半音得到小三度，七個半音得到純五度）
Finally, write any needed accidentals.
（最後在五線譜上寫上需要的變音記號）
An E-flat minor triad is E-flat—G-flat—B-flat.
（降E的小三和弦是降E-降G-降B） |
Let's build a B minor triad.
（我們來寫一個B的小三和弦）
Write the generic third and fifth on the staff.
（先在五線譜上各寫一個距離根音三度和五度的音）
Next, count the minor third (3 half steps) and perfect fifth (7 half steps).
（接下來，在鋼琴鍵盤上從B開始然後向上數三個半音得到小三度，向上數七個半音得到純五度）
Finally, write any needed accidentals.
（最後在五線譜上寫上需要的變音記號）
A B minor triad is B—D—F-sharp.
（B的小三和弦是B-D-升F） |
The augmented triad is built with a major third and an augmented fifth.
（增和絃是大三度和增五度構成的）
Let's build a C augmented triad.
（我們來寫一個C的增三和弦）
Write the generic third and fifth on the staff.
（先在五線譜上各寫一個距離根音三度和五度的音）
Now, switch to the keyboard. Start at the C and count up four half steps for the major third.
（現在來看鋼琴鍵盤。從C開始然後向上數四個半音得到大三度）
Go back to the root and count up eight half steps for the augmented fifth.
（再從根音開始向上數八個半音得到增五度）
Finally, write any needed accidentals.
（最後在五線譜上寫上需要的變音記號）
A C augmented triad is C—E—G-sharp.
（C的增三和弦是C-E-升G） |
Let's build an E-flat augmented triad.
（我們來寫一個降E的增三和弦）
Write the generic third and fifth on the staff.
（在五線譜上各寫一個距離根音三度和五度的音）
Next, count the major third (4 half steps) and augmented fifth (8 half steps).
（再在鋼琴鍵盤上從降E開始然後向上數四個半音得到大三度、七個半音得到純五度）
Finally, write any needed accidentals. In this example, no additional accidentals are needed.
（最後在五線譜上寫上需要的變音記號，本例中的和絃不需要變音記號）
An E-flat augmented triad is E-flat—G—B.
（降E的增三和弦是降E-G-B） |
Let's build a B augmented triad.
（我們來寫一個B的增三和弦）
Write the generic third and fifth on the staff.
（先在五線譜上各寫一個距離根音三度和五度的音）
Next, count the major third (4 half steps) and augmented fifth (8 half steps).
（再在鋼琴鍵盤從B開始然後向上數四個半音得到大三度，七個半音得到純五度）
Finally, write any needed accidentals.
（最後在五線譜上寫上需要的變音記號）
A B augmented triad is B—D-sharp—F-double-sharp.
（B的增三和弦是B-升D-倍升F） |
The last triad that we will discuss is the diminished triad. It is built with a minor third and a diminished fifth.
（最後我們來學習減三和弦。它是由小三度和減五度構成的）
Let's build a C diminished triad.
（我們來寫一個C的減三和弦）
Write the generic third and fifth on the staff.
（先在五線譜上各寫一個距離根音三度和五度的音）
Now, switch to the keyboard. Start at the C and count up three half steps for the minor third.
（現在來看鋼琴鍵盤。從C開始然後向上數四個半音得到小三度）
Go back to the root and count up six half steps for the diminished fifth.
（再從根音開始向上數六個半音得到減五度）
Finally, write any needed accidentals.
（最後在五線譜上寫上需要的變音記號）
A C diminished triad is C—E-flat—G-flat.
（C的減三和弦是C-降E-降G） |
Let's build an E-flat diminished triad.
（我們來寫一個降E的減三和弦）
Write the generic third and fifth on the staff.
（先在五線譜上各寫一個距離根音三度和五度的音）
Next, count the minor third (3 half steps) and diminished fifth (6 half steps).
（然後在鋼琴鍵盤上從降E開始，向上數三個半音得到小三度，六個半音得到減五度）
Finally, write any needed accidentals.
（最後在五線譜上寫上需要的變音記號）
An E-flat diminished triad is E-flat—G-flat—B-double-flat.
（降E的減三和弦是降E-降G-倍降B） |
Next, let's build a B diminished triad. Write down the root and generic intervals.
（接下來我們寫一個B的減三和弦，先在五線譜上寫根音）
Write the generic third and fifth on the staff.
（在五線譜上各寫一個距離根音三度和五度的音）
Next, count the minor third (3 half steps) and diminished fifth (6 half steps).
（在鋼琴鍵盤上，從B開始向上數三個半音得到小三度，六個半音得到減五度）
Finally, write any needed accidentals. No accidentals are needed.
（最後在五線譜上寫上需要的變音記號，本例中不需要使用變音記號）
A B diminished triad is B—D—F.
（B的減三和弦是B-D-F） |
Use this chart to reference the four types of triads.
（這張表是本科學習的四種三和弦）