Nonharmonic tones (or non-chord tones) are notes that do not belong in a certain chord.
（不諧和音（或非和絃內音）是不屬於某一個和絃的音）

In this example, the F is a nonharmonic tone because it does not fit into the I chord (which contains C, E, and G).
（在本例中，I（第一級）和絃中（C、E、G）不包含F這個音，所以F就是不諧和音）

Before discussing the different types of nonharmonic tones, we need to define two terms.
（在學習不諧和音之前，我們需要瞭解兩個定義）

A step is equal to an interval of a generic second.
（級進表示相鄰兩音相差二度）

A skip is equal to an interval of a generic third or more.
（躍進表示相鄰兩音相差三度或以上）

A passing tone (PT) is approached by step and then continues by step in the same direction.
（通過音(PT)與上一個和絃內音和下一個和絃內音呈同一方向的級進關係） |

If a passing tone occurs with the second chord (instead of in the middle of the two chords), it is called an accented passing tone (>PT).
（如果通過音出現在第二個和絃裡（而不是出現在兩個和絃之間），它就叫重音通過音(>PT)） |

A neighboring tone (NT) is approached by step and then returns by step to the original note.
（輔助音（NT）以級進方式連接兩個相同的和絃內音） |

If it occurs with the second chord, it is called an accented neighboring tone (>NT).
（如果輔助音出現在第二個和絃裡，它就叫重音輔助音(>NT)） |

An anticipation (Ant.) is approached by step and then remains the same. It is basically a note of the second chord played early.
（先現音（Ant）與上一個和絃內音呈級進關係，與下一個和絃內音相同，它是下一個和絃中的某一個音的提前出現） |

Anticipations are not accented.
（先現音不是重音）

An escape tone (ET) is approached by step and then skips in the opposite direction.
（逃脫音（ET）與上一個和絃內音呈級進關係，與下一個和絃內音呈相反方向的躍進關係） |

Escape tones are not accented – they occur in between the two chords.
（逃脫音沒有重音，它只能出現在兩個和絃之間）

An appoggiatura (App.) is approached by skip and then steps in the opposite direction.
（倚音（App）與上一個和絃內音呈躍進關係，與下一個和絃內音呈相反方向的級進關係） |

Appoggiaturas are accented – they occur with the second chord.
（倚音是重音，它出現在第二個和絃中）

A suspension (Sus.) keeps a note the same and then steps downward.
（延留音（Sus）與上一個和絃內音相同，在經過後向下級進） |

A retardation (Ret.) keeps a note the same and then steps upward.
（延怠音（Ret）與上一個和絃內音相同，在經過後向上級進） |

Both the retardation and suspension are accented.
（延怠音與延留音都是重音）

Finally, changing tones (CT) use two nonharmonic tones in succession.
（最後，多變音（CT）是兩個連續使用的不諧和音） |

The first nonharmonic tone is approached by step and then skips in the opposite direction to the second nonharmonic tone.
（第一個不諧和音與上一個和絃內音的關係呈級進，與下一個不諧和音呈反方向的躍進關係）

The second nonharmonic tone then resolves by step.
（第二個不諧和音與下一個和絃內音呈級進關係）

They are sometimes called double neighboring tones or a neighbor group.
（有時，它們被叫做雙輔助音或輔助組）

While the named non-harmonic tones discussed in this lesson are the most common, composers may choose to use others.
（本課介紹了最常用的不和諧音，作曲者也同樣可以選用其他的不和諧音。）